The content includes facilities, instrumentation setup, new testing procedures, actual environmental considerations, and data recording and presentation of results. Differing outcomes left electric industry stakeholders wondering about the actual impacts from a hemp attack on the electric grid and how to approach costeffective mitigation. High altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp is not just a theory. There has been extensive theoretical and experimental work on. Starfish prime generated an electromagnetic pulse emp that damaged electrical systems in hawaii, just under 900 miles away.
The commission to assess the threat from electromagnetic pulse attack has warned since 2001 that essential u. Report of the commission to assess the threat to the united states from electromagnetic pulse emp attack. Navy vendor electronics at an outdoor test area in maryland. Epri releases findings from study of highaltitude emp attack. The nuke is detonated high in the air referred to as an air burst or atmospheric burst to create the emp. Construction of hardened structures engineered to meet the. This describes the protection and testing required for these types of facilities. Highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp refers to the electromagnetic pulse that is created by the highaltitude detonation of a nuclear weapon.
Omnithreat structures, constructs shielding concreteshotcrete structures for multithreat protection from high altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp, intentional electromagnetic interference iemi, compromising emanations, terrorist ballisticblast attacks and extreme natural disasters. Pdf high altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp and high power. Whitehead, schweitzer engineering laboratories, inc. Persistent testing in a prescribed area of coverage helps prevent lethal or electronic damage in hempthreated environments.
Highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp and iemi intentional electromagnetic interference are two special electromagnetic threatmitigation scenarios. Testing for immunity to emp in compliance magazine. Concerns over north koreas ability to launch emp attack. Adequate theories for e1 were not developed until after nuclear testing was moved underground. Electromagnetic pulses emps are a growing concern worldwide. Each of the generators, which were constructed in san diego, california, by maxwell laboratories, stood on its own wooden tower.
Any highaltitude emp attack must be conducted at an altitude of 20 miles or above. Milstd461rs105 transient electromagnetic pulse of up to 50 kvm, double exponential wave with a rise time in the nanosecond range, that is applied to the equipment under test eut at least 5 times. Rs105 testing determines emp susceptibility of military. It was the largest nuclear test conducted in outer space, with a yield of 1. Highaltitude nuclear detonations and electromagnetic bombs can generate emp that. This highaltitude emp also known as hemp effect couples to and can disable electrical and electronic systems in general, but poses the highest risks to longline networks, including electric power and longhaul communications. Hemp resistant electrical generators emp engineerging. Fy17 test and evaluation resources 325 to support surface vessel survivability assessments. The 2008 report contained analysis of results of tests for modern. A nuclear electromagnetic pulse is a burst of electromagnetic radiation. Epri also said that its research included extensive testing at its emp.
Army to build blast and empproof launchcontrol building. A hemp is the result of a nuclear detonation at an altitude greater than 30 miles. The content includes facilities, instrumentation setup, new testing procedures, actual environmental considerations, and. The first reported instance of this unique highaltitude effect was in the 1958 hardtackyucca test.
An electromagnetic pulse emp is a short burst of electromagnetic energy that can be extremely damaging to electronic equipment. This top provides methods for planning, providing instrumentation, and execution of testing armydod equipment to determine the effects of horizontal component high altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp environment. The wooden testing platform, on which the test aircraft was placed, was erected between two marx generators strong enough to release an electromagnetic pulse like those emitted during a highaltitude nuclear explosion. High altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp and high power. The worst effects of a soviet high altitude test occurred on 22 october 1962, in the soviet project k nuclear tests abm system a proof tests when a 300 kt missilewarhead detonated near dzhezkazgan at 290km altitude. Trump moves to protect america from electromagnetic pulse. Impact of highaltitude electromagnetic pulse on transmission systems. Highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp eis council. Highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp, emergency action messaging eam, eam, hemp, mobile support teams mst, mst, nuclear command, control and communication nc3 systems, nc3, wing command posts wcp, wcp.
Hemp resistant electrical generators hardened structures hempgmd shielded generators. Nuclear emp summary high altitude emp with the proliferation of nuclear weapons, the likelihood of a nuclear emp increases. Hardened structures offers highaltitude electromagnetic pulsegeomagnetic disturbance hempgmd shielded generators as the perfect addition to your hardened or unhardened shelter, home, or commercialinstitutional facilities. Idaho national laboratory inl was chosen to conduct the emp study for doeoe.
The range and extent of damage this type of destructive pulse would cause to commercial networks including utilities, 911 responders and transportation hubs is being evaluated globally by government leaders, agencies, military and scientist. Recently, met labs performed high altitude or nuclear electromagnetic pulse hemp or nemp susceptibility testing of u. Experts disagree over the threat from a highaltitude nuclear blast and its resultant electromagnetic pulse. High altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp shielded enclosures. The emp fused 570 km of overhead telephone line with a measured current of 2,500 a, started a fire that burned down the. These standards establish baseline performance and testing requirements for highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp and electromagnetic interference emi hardening of fixed and transportable ground based facilities which perform mission critical c4isr command, control, communications, computer, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance. Strategies, protections, and mitigations for the electric.
A highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp produces gamma rays that are converted to emp in the midstratosphere. High altitude electromagnetic pulse and high power. Highaltitude nuclear tests in 1958 were the first indication in united states testing that highaltitude emp could be more than times as intense as lowaltitude emp. Starfish prime was a highaltitude nuclear test conducted by the united states on july 9, 1962. Clay wilson, high altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp and high power microwave hpm devices. Military standard for attenuation measurements for enclosures. Threat assessments summary electromagnetic pulse emp is. Department of energy electromagnetic pulse resilience. An electromagnetic pulse or emp is a burst of radiation created by a highaltitude nuclear explosion.
Omnithreat structures is committed to rigorous testing and has a complete set of shielding testing equipment and expert personnel to conduct tests and interpret the results. An electromagnetic pulse emp is defined as a high amplitude, short duration, broadband pulse of electromagnetic energy which can have devastating effects on unprotected electronic equipment and systems. There is uncertainty with this assumption, as not all dprs that are currently in use were tested, and testing of some dprs indicated that control outputs could be. The strong electromagnetic pulse emp that results has several components. Although an emp is also generated by low altitude or surface bursts referred to as source region emp or sremp, the. Understanding design, installation, and testing methods. This method is referred to as highaltitude emp hemp. Hemp shield effectiveness qa testing milstd1881251 milstd1881252.
Threat assessments background a commission to assess the threat from high altitude electromagnetic pulse emp commission was established by congress in fy2001 after several experts expressed concern that the u. If the pulse is strong enough, the electronic components can be fried or severely damaged. High altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp is an electromagnetic energy field produced in the atmosphere by the power and radiation of a nuclear explosion, and that is damaging to electronic equipment over a very wide area, depending on the design of the nuclear device and altitude of the burst. A commission to assess the threat from high altitude electromagnetic pulse. It is very possible, then, to have such a high altitude. High altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp protection power filters mil std 188125 part 1 is a military document titled high altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp protection for groundbased c4i facilities performing critical, time urgent missions. Additionally, testing to evaluate potential mitigation options and shielding. For example, when the abrams was being developed as the u. Electromagnetic pulse emp protection and resilience. One of the threats oe is concerned about is a highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp from a nuclear explosion and electromagnetic pulse emp or an early time e1 pulse which can be generated by emp weapons. The procedure for testing equipment for emc is well proven. Electromagnetic pulse testing white sands missile range army. High altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp and high power microwave hpm devices.
Introduction he ability of the equipment to operate efficiently under the external electromagnetic interferences is known as electromagnetic compatibility emc. Apelc offers portable sources for current injection testing via an integrated, layered system. Custom emp and emi solutions by the expert transtector systems. In military terminology, a nuclear warhead detonated tens to hundreds of miles above the earths surface is known as a high altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp device. High altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp protection. High altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp protection for. At 25 miles, the area of the earths surface within line of sight of the blast, and thus theoretically exposed to the e1 pulse, would have a radius of some 440 miles. Features of high altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp. Rs105 addresses the risk of radiated exposure to an emp event. As north korea threatens electromagnetic pulse attack.
Emp can also be produced from nonnuclear sources, such as electromagnetic bombs, or ebombs. Our high altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp engineering services are only available to the us government and its contractors. A nuclear device detonated at an altitude in excess of 40 miles generates highaltitude elect romagnetic pulse hemp, which is. A nuclear emp requires a nuclear weapon delivered by a rocket, high flying aircraft or icbm. At white sands, the nuclear effects directorate has the capability to simulate and evaluate the various effects of a nuclear explosion including the electromagnetic pulse. What are the potential impacts of a highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp. This top provides methods for planning and execution of testing armydod equipment to determine the effects of horizontal component high altitude electromagnetic pulse hemp environment. Emp test facilities have been mothballed or dismantled, and research. Emps are historically known as the electromagnetic effects following a nuclear blast occurring at high altitudes also known as hnemp. Starfish prime was a high altitude nuclear test conducted by the united states on july 9, 1962. Emp test facilities have been mothballed or dismantled, and research concerning emp phenomena, hardening design, testing, and maintenance has been.
Understanding design, installation, and testing methods t hat promote substation ied resiliency for highaltitude electromagnetic pulse events tim minteer, travis mooney, sharla artz, and david e. Cs116 is the milstd461 test method that addresses conducted. Participants in the electromagnetic defense task force 2. Watterson construction will build a highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp and blastprotected mechanicalelectrical building and utility and security infrastructure at missile field number.
Electromagnetic pulse threats to americas electric grid. Electromagnetic pulse is a radiated electromagnetic field, typically generated and associated with a nuclear detonation. Apelcs 188125 line supports the testing community with highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp protection. Highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp testing army white sands test center white sands missile range new mexico survivability on. Atlasi top secret emp testing site abandoned spaces. This highaltitude emp occurs between 30 and 50 kilometers 18. Highaltitude electromagnetic pulse and the bulk power. Shielding effectiveness testing in fullyaccredited emc. Highaltitude electromagnetic pulse test capability military standard 4023 milstd4023, highaltitude electromagnetic pulse hemp protection for military surface ships, requires fullship electromagnetic pulse emp testing. The term electromagnetic pulse generally excludes optical infrared, visible, ultraviolet and ionizing such as xray and gamma radiation ranges. We design and manufacture special antennas specifically for testing shielded chambers. The high altitude electromagnetic pulse awareness course hemp awareness course is designed to fill the gap in high altitude electromagnetic pulse awareness hemp awareness.
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